مجله دراسات حدیثه فی نهج البلاغه
پیاپی 2 (بهار و تابستان 1397)

Marx Weber is the most significant theorizing, which deals with the conceptualization of rationality and its typology. He has four species: practical rationality, theoretical rationality, intrinsic rationality and formal rationality has explained. In his view this is possible that some types of rationality, irrationality be considered from the perspective of other types. Mannheim also mentions two types of formal rationality and substantive. For him too much focus on formal rationality, from the perspective of the inherent rationality is irrationality. But George Ritzer, in his tyupical book, " The McDonaldization of Society", has noted to the blundering economic rationality that wants to dominate the social sphere. In his view ingredients that are rational from an economic perspective and McDonald's chain restaurants as well as rationality, social relations and social perspective will be completely irrationality and the collapse of social values. In this article, first, we want to evaluate Capacity of rationality in good governance theories and then display The statements in the Quran and Nahj al-Balagha that could be compatible with rationality of good governance.

The social ethics of believer in this paper is a collection of general rules that, in the context of human's relationship, as a actor selector creature and believer to Islam, is used by an institution called the community with an internal religious approach and the authority of Nahj al-Balaghah. In this approach, after expressing the criterion of moral norms governing the community of religious people in Nahj al-Balaghah, the pathology of religious ethics in the interaction and relationship of religious believers with social factors has been addressed.
Breaking the promise, disappointment, betrayal, oppression, bad-tempered, tattletale, flattery, tyranny, self-oblivion, lawlessness, ignorance and blindly imitation, and others are among the most important moral damages. One can get from the Nahj al-Balagha, a program in which general, practical and permanent rules for a religious man are drawn. Failure to comply with them will result in the loss of security and comfort and the dynamism of the community and endangers it. Principles such as following the valuable pattern of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and the infallible Imams (PBUH), Righteousness and anti-false, rationality and simplicity of life, resurrection believability, and avoiding despotism.

Testament of Imam Ali (AS) to Imam Hasan (AS) The Nahj al-Balagha has caused many challenges due to the infallibility of the imams in Shia doctrines. As such, Abd al-Rahman al-Jamiyan one of the Salafi scholars by analyzing this letter concludes the incompatibility of this letter with the doctrine of infallibility in Shia. In the current study by using both internal and external review, criticizing of this theory is discussed. In the inner critic it is explained that all human beings have been addressed in this letter, infallibility does not conflict with the notion of sin, the target audience of this letter are infallible and , orders and forbiddings are Irshadi and not Mulavi, and needing the Imam in his knowledge to the divine will. In the outer part of the criticism of al-Jamian's arguments, it is stated that this theory is not compatible with the teachings of Nahj al-Balaghah, during which the teachings of infallibility are explained..

Public Services As one of the fundamental principles of public rights, are the activity of a public benefits that are provided by the government or a private organization on behalf of the government. This principle is such that the government lacks the power to provide public services, loses its worthiness of survival. This article is presented in two sections. In the first part, while paying attention to the concept of the principle of public services in public rights, the special position of this principle is expressed in the speeches and behaviors of Imam Ali (pbuh) as an Islamic governor. According to what is obtained from the Nahj al-Balagha, the government is required to provide public services in the various fields required by the general public, and the Prophet states in a report that he has acted as an Islamic governor in this order. In the sense that the principle of public services is based on a series of principles, Part II deals with the extraction of these principles from Nahj al-Balaghah. Imam Ali calls on the government to provide services that are offered to the public on the basis of equality, patience, continuity and reliance on God.

The sedition is one of the social and political arguments facing Islamic governments that can arise in certain social and political circumstances. In order for Muslims to transcend the atmosphere in which truth and falsehood are mixed up and become misleading and dark, they must know the factors that have caused them, so that they can save themselves from their consequences. Since sedition can emerge at all times, this study is necessary to spread awareness among people in society. This research is based on religious texts, including the Qur'an and Nahj al-Balagha, as well as historical books of the Sunnis and Shiites. This article seeks to examine the concept of sedition and its aspects, based on descriptive analytical approach, and discover ways of coping and disposal. The results of the research showed that the most important characteristics of the rioters are the return to the age of ignorance and undermine the principles of religion and its foundations and suspicion and tyranny. It reflects the most important way to get rid of the sedition and riot to follow the teachings of the Qur'an and the Prophet (PBUH) Insight and awareness against the rioters and obedience to the leader.

The adoption of good management practices by the Prophet (PBUH) and Imam Ali (AS) in the face of various political, social, economic and cultural phenomena has always determined the growth and excellence of Islamic society, and has been the leading model for all the people throughout history. In this study, the authors developed a descriptive study to investigate and explain represent the views and thoughts of these two persons in various fields of social management. The results showed that the aspect of implementation and management of the Islamic society by these two great persons were always based on principles of public oversight of law enforcement, paying attention to God, consultation with experts, human dignity, equality, and cooperation of people in managing of social affairs.