Investigation of the effects of basal medium type on the production of anti-cancer drug Taxol from cell culture of Taxus baccata L.

Taxol is one of the most important anti-cancer drugs and is obtained from yew (Taxus sp.). Currently، plant cell culture is counted as one of the most important methods to obtain taxol across the world. In this context، determining optimum composition of the medium to acheive maximum growth and productivity is particularly important. This study was carried out to investigate and determine the best basal medium for production of taxol from taxus cell culture. For this purpose، four different basal medium including WPM، B5، MS، and SH containing similar hormonal compounds of 2 mg/l NAA، 0. 2 mg/l 2،4-D، and 0. 2 mg/l Kinetin were tested and the produced taxol during 21 days period were analyzed by HPLC. Significant difference was observed between different mediums with respect to the total amounts of produced taxol. The maximum yield of taxol (16. 58 mg/l) was achieved from WPM medium. Afterward، the highest amounts of taxol were 8. 66، 6. 42 and 5. 82 mg/l that were obtained from MS، B5، and SH mediums respectively. Significant difference also was observed between different mediums with respect to the amounts of produced taxol secreted from the cells into mediums that were 7. 68، 4. 28، 3. 59 and 3. 31 mg/l taxol respectively for WPM، B5، SH، and MS mediums. These amounts included 46، 67، 62 respectively and 38% of the total volume of produced taxol in the mediums. According to the results، it could be concluded that the basal medium not only affect the taxol yield but significantly affect on the amounts of taxol secreted from the cells.