Principle of Public Trials and it's obstacles in Iranian Legal System

Iranian constitution as a most important law, in some of it’s principle, have been emphasized on judicial guarantees of public rights including fair trial, litigation, access to the courts and etc. One of this principles, is public trials that although has been or in principles of 165 and 168 of constitution and other statutes, in practice it’s performance confronted with many difficulties. Summorizly it can be said, that inter pretability of statutes extensive authority of judges for closed trials in addition to structural and cultural obstacles are most important obstacles for establishment of this principle. In this article at first, have been considered the concept, aim, sources and exceptions of that principle and then obstacles of it.