Study of Clay Mineralogy and also Micromorphology of Soil Porosity of Western Golestan Province and their Role on Availability of Potassium

Studies on the soils of western Golestan province show that regardless of increased rain and presence of clay minerals with high cation exchange capacity، potassium extractable with ammonium acetate is low. In order to find the reason for this low amount of available K، clay minerals and micromorphology of the soil porosity were studied. Twenty disturbed and undisturbed samples from each horizon were taken for physicochemical properties، mineralogy and micromorphological studies. Four selected profiles included Gypsic Aquisalids، Typic Endoaquepts، Typic Calcixerolls and Typic Hapludalfs. The results showed that in addition to the clay content and type of clay minerals in soils that can affect soil available K (Kava.)، it seems soil porosity can also affect Kava. mainly through their effects on extension of roots، water and nutrients transmission. Favorable content of clay and dominance of smectites in Mollisols and also higher porosity and dominance of channel porosities caused the presence of higher Kava، in these soils. presence of HIS. poor soil drainage، reduction of Fe3+ in smectite crystal lattice in Inceptisols، and also less amount of porosities caused the presence of higher potassium fixation and reduction of Kava. in these soils.