Evaluating the chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from the vegetative and reproductive organs and an antimicrobial activity of essential oil and extract of two Salvia species in Kashan region

Different species of Salvia L. genus were used for disinfection and blood glucose regulation in traditional and modern medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical compositions of the essential oils of S. sclarea L. and S. reuterana Boiss. and their antimicrobial properties. The species collected from the heights of Kashan mountains were dried. Volatile fractions were isolated by simultaneous distillation-extraction technique. The analysis of the essential oils was performed using the GC and GC-MS. The in-vitro antimicrobial activities against 10 bacterial strains were evaluated using the disk diffusion and micro-well dilution techniques. Twenty-nine and 12 compositions were identified in leaves and flowers of the essential oil of S. sclarea، respectively. Twenty-six compositions were identified in leaves and 31 in flowers of the essential oil of S. reuterana. The S. sclarea L. essential oil showed the highest sensitivity against Proteus vulgaris. Moreover، the lowest concentration of S. reuterana essential oil was highly effective in inhibiting the growth of Candida albicans. A. niger was the most resistant microbes against the extract of flowers and leaves of the two species of the essential oils. Staphylococcus aureus was highly resistant to the essential oil and extract of flowers and leaves of S. sclarea and also the essential oil of flowers and leaves of S. reuterana، but it showed sensitivity to the extract of flowers and leaves of S. reuterana. Considering the relatively high antimicrobial activities of the species، the effective compounds in the flowers can be used for antibacterial purposes.