Review of Intellectual and Political Approaches of Khalil Maleki (Based on his Activities on the Eve of the Nationalization of Oil Industry)

Khalil Maleki, the intellectual and spiritual leader of Zahmatkeshan-e Mellat-e Iran Party (Nirou-ye Sevom), was also one of the influential figures of contemporary history of Iran. He was one of figures whom theirs’ writings and speeches were always towards the explanation and providing solutions to improve the situation of society. He succeeded to analyze the structure of the nationalization of Iran's oil industry movement with introducing Intellectual and ideological framework and to present solutions to prevent reiteration of movement leaders’ mistakes. He did this job based on a political awareness which was a result of his party activities and his participation in Ideological and Intellectual debates. In this paper authors tried to evaluate the influences of Khalil Maleki theories and political writings in the understanding of Iran political events during the era of the movement of nationalization of Iran's oil industry. This evaluation is based on his accessible works such as his essays in Shahed Newspaper and also notes about him and his Ideas in contemporary figures’ works and published researches about him. The main problem of this paper is to review the political and intellectual approaches of Khalil Maleki, as a figure which has been introduced in many research sources as the owner of ‘Third Force Theory’. Although many works has been written on the Maleki’s Third force (Nirou-ye Sevom), but this paper in a different approach only focused on his political and intellectual viewpoints on the movement of nationalization of Iran's oil industry.