Genetic Engineering of Wheat, Using fld Gene by Gene Gun Method

Abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity are the most important causes of sever reduction of the crop yields in the world that genetic engineering could improve the tolerance of crops to these stresses as one of the suitable and available solution. In this study to produce transgenic wheat which has the tolerant to abiotic stresses gene gun method and p6U-Ubi-FVT1 as vector was used. This vector has streptomycin and hygromycin marker and fld cyanobacteria offspring gene. Flavodoxin plays the same role of fredoxin which prevents the problems of electron transport system and active oxygene species formations. Embryogenic callus of Bahar, Line A, Pishtaz, N-83, Zarin and S-87 variety of Wheat were used for this study. Results showed embryogenic callus of Bahar variety by 6.51 percent of shooting and 3.35 percent of rooting has the most regenerating rate and Zarin and S-87 had the less regeneration ability in comparison of other variety. Gene bombardment was done 36 times and PCR analysis was done on 6 Bahar and 1 line A plantlets which proved the gene transferring in Line A plantlet. The highest amount of transgenes was by Line A variety which owned 0.007 percent. Also Dot blot analysis validates the gene transfer in the plantlet.