Mechanical and Chemical Integrated Management of Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus- galli (L.) Beauv) and Smallflower umbrella (Cyperus diformis L.) in Rice

To investigate the effects of integrated mechanical and chemical weed management on barnyardgrass, smallflower umbrella and some rice agronomic characteristics an experiment was conducted in Rice Research Institute of Iran, Deputy of Mazandaran (Amol) during 2010 growing season. The experiment was performed in spilt-plot based Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Main plots consisted of three levels control (measures without weed control), one time and two times applications of cono-weeder and sub plots were seven herbicide applications (application of bentazon, bensulfuron-methyl, oxadiazone, butachlor, thiobencarb, hand weeding and control). The results indicated that the interaction of two mentioned factors did not have any significant effects on barnyardgrass and smallflower umbrella densities, but it had significant effect on weed total dry matter. The best method used to reduce weed total dry matter was hand weeding and two times application of cono-weeder without using herbicides. The highest grain yield was harvested in plots which treated by two times application of cono-weeder with or without herbicides applications, and hand weed control treatment.