An Overview of New Strategies in Flood Prevention in Urban Areas: Tehran Subway Flood

Soil erosion, development of urbanization and climate changes will increase vulnerability of urban areas against floods. On the other hand, construction industry plays a significant role in living peacefully with incidents such as floods. Especially in areas with high urban density, living with incidents can consider a high adaptive solution for future problems and issues. This category has led to create ideas and different practical methods that in this article will be mentioning some of them. This study reviews documents, literature and written texts in the field of management, vulnerability reduction and dealing with floods and addresses various aspects of prevention and flood risk reduction and finally provides some practical methods and solutions. The Results classified in four general categories: First, multi-functional defensive methods, second, floating methods and amphibious buildings and third and fourth category are up to date biotechnical and Nano-technological measures which present some examples of these methods here. Generally, there are three implemented strategies to reduce vulnerability to floods: First, defensive strategies against flood, second, strategies related to avoiding flood risk areas (such as displacement which is mostly in the form of urbanism strategies) and the third, strategies related to a peaceful life with accepting flood risk. In this paper with a focus on the first and third strategies, some architectural guidelines were introduced. Remarkably, today in the most flood prone areas all around the world, more attention has been focused on these two main strategies.