Comparison of the Theological Thoughts of Nawbakhtis and Sheikh Mufid in the Field of Theological Heritage of Imamiyyah and Mu’tazilah

Comparison of the theological thoughts of Nawbakhtis and Sheikh Mufid in the field of theological heritage of Imamiyyah and Mu’tazilah, in addition to explaining the disagreement points between the opinions of Nawbakhtis and Sheikh Mufid, will show the role of each of them in this theoretical development. This study shows that one cannot see the empathy and nearness of Nawbakhtis to Mu’tazilah more than the nearness of the thoughts of Sheikh Mufid to Mu’tazilah; but in proportion to their theological bases and presuppositions in different theological areas, each of them offered views that is identical sometimes to Mu’tazilah and sometimes to the Kufi Imami theologians. Thus, just as Nawbakhtis are in agreement with Mu’tazilah in theories like some secondary parts of Wa’d (promise) and Wa’id (threat), Sheikh Mufid also have chosen opinions near to the thoughts of Mu’tazilah in discussions such as Knowledge and power of man. According to this study, although one can see some agreements between Nawbakhtis and Sheikh Mufid with Mu’tazilis, the roots of these thoughts are founded in the views quoted from the Imami theologians in the Kufah School. So, this agreement to Mu’tazilah is not necessarily to mean the impressionability and borrowing the thoughts from the Mu’tazilah and moving away from the Imami theological background.