The Denotations and Connotations of the term " qarn" in Arabic and Hebrew Languages,and Its Relations with " Dhul-Qarnayn" in Qur an and Bible

The word "qarn" was employed in the most old semiotic languages with slightly different pronunciation. Although qarn has been used in the meaning of "horn" in these languages, it has had other figurative meanings which differ from language to language. As an example, we can mention the figurative meanings of qarn in Arabic which are different from the ones in Hebrew. Since the question of Dhul-Qarnayn has been raised by the Jews of Yasrib - that its origin is in the Old Testament- the key point for precise conception of the compound Dhul-Qarnayn lies in the word "qarn" and its denotations and connotations in Hebrew, especially in the Sifrei of the Old Testament. Of course the finding could also help us determine the reference of Dhul-Qarnayn. Referring to the several Sifrei of the Old Testament, we find out that "qarn" (קֶרֶן) as well as "horn", has implied power, strength, glory, child and governorship. On the other hand, in The Daniel’s Sefer, Dhul-Qarnayn describes a two-horned ram which first butted the West, then the North and the South, i. e. it has dominated the West, the North and the South and in the same Sefer, the ram was construed as the kings of Persia and Media. So we must look for the referent of Dhul-Qarnayn, among the kings of Persia and Media. Since this study is in the field of comparative studies between Arabic and Hebrew languages, the method of comparative criticism has been used in the present article.