Anti -Giardial activity of Chloroformic Extract of Tanacetum parthenium and Artemisia annua in vitro

Giardiasis is a one of the most prevalent intestinal parasitic disease in human, treatment of this disease through medicinal plants is very important since parasite resistance to chemical drugs exists. Thus, in this study, the invitro anti-giardial activity of chloroformic extract of Tanacetum parthenium and Artemisia annua on cyst and trophozoite of G.lamblia were investigated separately. In this experimental study chloroformic extracts of Artemisia annua and Tanacetum parthenium on cyst and trophozoite of G. lamblia in vitro were prepared in 1, 10, 50 and 100 mg∕ml concentrations for 5, 10, 30, 60 and 180 min. Purified cysts were used for encystations and culture in TYI-S-33 medium. Then 2 ml of each solution was placed in test tubes, to which 10,000 washed cysts and trophozoites was added. The contents of the tubes were gently mixed and incubated. The percentages of dead parasites were determined by counting 500 cysts. Non treated parasites were considered a control group in each experiment and the viability of the parasites checked with Eeosin stain and statistical analysis were done. The results of study has shown chloroformic extracts of A. annua at 100 mg/ml concentration had affected on Gardia cyst 86% and 100% trophozoite after 1hour. T. parthenium at 50mg/ml concentration killed cysts (83%) and trophozite 100% after 1 hour, respectively. T. parthenium chloroformic extract had a better effect on cyst and trophozoite of Giardia at 50 mg/ml after 1 hour exposure than A. annua extract. According to this study, A. annua and T. parthenium chlorofomic extracts could be considered as more effective anti-giardial. Chloroformic extract of T. parthenium has also shown the anti-giardial activity to compare with A. annua and control groups at all exposure times. Therefore, in the future research using these plants are recommended against Giardia in low concentration in the in vivo, also to find fractions of the pharmacological effects of these plants.