Classification of Temperature and Precipitation of Iran by Using Geostatistical Methods and Cluster Analysis

Geostatistics is one of the most important methods for evaluate the spatial distribution of geographical phenomenon like precipitation and temperature. The accurate evaluation of climatic elements is very important in many sciences like hydrology, geography, agricultureand irrigation. In this study, in order to achieve the best methods for interpolation of temperature and precipitation in Iran Geostatistics methods such as Kriging
SK, OK and UK were used. For this purpose, 180 synoptic and climatology stations data having the highest statistical period were selected. Then a matrix with 109 *118 Dimensions was created and used as the database of this study.After determining the best interpolation method, the cluster analysis was applied to climate classification. SPSS, ArcGIS and MATLAB software were used for data analysis and drawing maps and graphs. The result shows that the simple Kriging (exponential type) and ordinary Kriging (spherical type) are the best method for interpolation of precipitation and temperature in Iran. The results of cluster analysis on the precipitation and temperature determined five climate zones. These main climatic zones are:1 Temperate warm zone 2-Semiarid cold zone 3-Humid temperate zone 4-Warm and dry zone 5-Hot and dry zone.