Optimizing Bone DNA Extraction for Obtaining High Yield Genome of Ancient Teeth and Bones

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is one of important molecular methods that let us to understand more about molecular aspects of cells. DNA is the most important part of PCR reaction، that its quality and amount has direct effect on final results. In this study، we aimed to develop a protocol for extracting DNA from samples of tooth and bone belong to 3600 years ago. After grilling and cleaning all surface parts of bones and teeth we used buffers for removing calcium and other PCR inhibitors; then، we used Silica beads for collecting all DNA in our samples. DNA extraction amounts were 37ng/µl، 25ng/µl، 7ng/µl، 32ng/µl، 18ng/µl، 42ng/µl. In 67% of samples، we had extractions with high purity according to nano-drop results. Extracted DNA were examined for Real Time PCR، beta-actin gene that we had good results. Results of this study showed that this developed protocol has a good yield of DNA with enough purity and removing PCR inhibitors. We recommend this protocol for applying in same samples and studies.