The Characteristics of a Mystic Politician in the View of Early Sufis

Muslim mystics have turned to political issues relying on both unity and plurality criteria. They have explained the characteristics of a mystic politician emphasizing the necessity of mysticism for politicians and even the necessity of politics for mystics. Taking a social viewpoint، the early Sufis، paid a particular attention to this important matter in their speech and behavior، and invited other Sufis to be bounteous and to get a fair and compassionate approach to their disciples. The Sufis who lived in the reign of oppressive Umayyad [1] and Abbasid caliphs tried to clarify the real face of Islamic ruler explaining the features of a mystic ruler and modeling the manner of holy prophets and the companions of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon Him). They have also had some political attitudes in their works which can be discussed independently. Considering the primary sources and trying to establish a close association to the main origins، in present essay، we have determined the range of the research up to the 4th Hijri century with a glance on the works and speeches of some mystics such as Hasan Basri، Sofyan Suri، Fozeil Ayāz، Hārith Mohāsebi، Zonnun Mesri، Yahyā bin Maʻāz، Abu-Hātam Rāzi، Bāyazid Bastāmi، Sahl Tostari، Abu-Saeed Kharrāz، Termazi، Joneid، Shebli، Kolābāzi، Sarraj، Makki، Khargushi and Solami.