Investigating the origin of social welfare functions in Bergson- Samuelson's approach from the perspectives of Islam and secularism

Since the social welfare function deals with the ordering of welfare distribution in a society، this question arises that what is the origin of this ordering. Old welfare economics and Pareto''s welfare economics believed the ordering was derived from utility and individual preferences; but Bergson–Samuelson''s approach sees it arising from people''s social preferences. Both of these approaches are perfectly compatible with the idea of ​​secularism، in which all preferences are in the realm of human cognition. But its consistency with the Islamic notion which includes divine knowledge is acceptable only in a particular area. In this paper، the range of this adaptation is investigated; it provided a background for the presentation of social welfare function based on social preferences of people in an Islamic society. Because this paper offered a pattern of individuals'' social ideas in Muslim societies such as Iran، it can be considered as an introduction to national theorizing about social welfare function.