The role of housing finance in reducing the physical vulnerability of rural settlements. Case study: Bezinehroud County - Khodabandeh Township (Zanjan Province)

Abstract in International law, particularly the 11th International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) to adequate housing as one of the basic needs of every individual and family to live with human dignity is recognized and its as a key indicator of the quality of life of residents concerned. In our country, housing is a basic need of the second, thirty-first and forty-third proposed constitution and government to provide decent housing for all segments of society, especially the poor and rural groups. In other words, Housing as a major structural part of the settlement, plays an essential role in the formation of spatial- physical embodiment structure and identity of rural architecture, and The most important measure of housing satisfaction can be summed up in its strength. The key issue with unsafe consequences of the earthquake in rural habitations are frame structures. This means that more than 95 percent of all deaths from earthquakes are a result of the destruction of the traditional houses. With respect to the unstablity in geographical conditions in relation to earthquake natural disaster in Iran, due to non-compliance with technical standards in the construction, use of traditional and non-resistant building materials and housing being worn, leading to greater vulnerability of rural settlements in earthquake disaster. Therefore, one of the most important physical vulnerability reduction strategies in rural areas, rural housing fund retrofitting as part of rural development funds in a phased payment, This is in order to promote the safety, health, welfare and prosperity of rural widely supported by the state and are paid by commercial banks. Necessary for Payment of rural housing loans in implementation (using) of technical standards and building codes and regulatory compliance Engineers Housing Foundation and local agencies. Evaluation of existing literature regarding the reasons for the vulnerability of rural houses showes that in addition to geological instability settlements site, to items such as the use of non-standard and less durable Building materials, Lack of standards and building codes, aging buildings, Lack of effective monitoring, inadequate infrastructure - economic and. .. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of providing housing finance in rural areas to reducing of vulnerability to earthquake disasters is to improve the physical conditions of rural settlements. For this purpose, Data for this study were collected using questionnaires and interviews. And using SPSS Software and Wilcoxon tests (to analyze differences before and after), Friedman and one sample T tests, was used for data analysis. The results of data analysis showed a significant difference in the period before and after using the rural housing loans application of physical factors affecting the housing finance housing vulnerability reduction is. The Friedman test showed mean square coefficient also shows a difference in favor of the next period, and improved indicators.