Evaluating Frequency and Cause of Laparotomy in Penetrating and Blunt Abdominal Trauma in at Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Kashan during the Years 2009-2012

Introduction & Trauma is the most common cause of death in persons aged 1-44 years and the third most common cause of death regardless of age. Abdominal trauma is one of the most prevalent cases of trauma. Laparatomy is a therapeutic method which is applied for abdominal trauma. The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence and cause of penetrating and blunt abdominal traumas. This retrospective descriptive study was done on all patients who had undergone emergency laparatomy in at Shahid Beheshti hospital at Kashan for abdominal trauma during, the years 2009-2012.The data were collected through a questionnaire that was completed at the trauma center. The statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 16.0. The statistical analysis was conducted using Fisher's exact test and chi-square. Out of 166 trauma patients who had undergone laparotomy, 120 cases (72.3%) had blunt trauma and 46 (27.7%) had penetrating trauma. The largest number of patients were in the 2nd and third decade of their life, and 130 patients (80%) were male. Car accidents and stab wound were the common cause of blunt and penetrating abdominal traumas, respectively. Spleen was the common damage organs. There were 25(54.3%) and 8 (10.8%) cases of negative laparotomy in the penetrating and blunt traumas respectively. The mortality rate was 7.2%. This study showed that blunt abdominal trauma is more common than penetrating abdominal trauma. Car accidents and stab wound are the most common causes of abdominal trauma. The mortality rate is higher in blunt trauma than penetrating trauma. Therefore, attempts of governmental organizations are needed to prevent and decrease car accidents and socio-cultural problems.