Investigation on the larvicidial effects of Salix alba L. and Pinus sylvestris L. extracted in different solvents on larvae of flour moth Ephestia kuehniela (Zel.) (Lep. Pyralidae)

Chemical pesticides can be replaced with compounds that derived from plants. Thesecompounds can be easily decomposed in nature and have no hazards to non-target organism, consequently they can be suitable for sustainable agriculture. The Flour moth Ephestia kuehniella (zel) (lep. pyralidae) is a worldwide pest and it has a close relation with human foods. Therefore larvicidial effects of the Salix alba L. and Pinus sylvestris L. extracted in acetone, alcohol, hexane and water were studied on flour moth larvae. The results showed that there were no difference in larvicidial effects in 100% and 20% concentrations of willow and pine but in 50% concentration, pine extract had better effects than willow,  100% concentration extracted in water, 50% concentration extracted in alcohol, and 20% concentration extracted in hexane had more mortalitiesof larvae than others. Among extracts, 100% concentration of willow and pine extracted in water induced 44.29 and 42.47 percent mortality, 50% concentration of pine extracted in alcohol induced 46.4 and 20% concentration of pine extracted in hexane killed 8.76 percent of larvae.