Comparison of microsporidiosis distribution in clinical samples of immunocompromised patients and healthy persons in Tehran (2010-2011)

Background and Microsporidia infections occurvirtually in all in vertebrate and vertebrate hosts,in cluding humans. The this study is aimed atcomparison of distribution of microsporidiosis in various samples of Iranian immunocompromised patients and healthy individuals by molecular methods. Inthiscase - control study, 258stool, blood, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and urine sampleswere obtained fromimmunocompromisedpatients (bone marrowtransplant, kidney transplant and respiratory complications) referred to Masih Daneshvari and Shariati Hospitalduring 2010-2011. After recording clinical data, DNA extraction was performed on all samples. To identifyhuman related microsporidiosis (Encephalitozoon spp. And Enterocytozoon spp.), polymerase chain reactionwas performedusingspecific primers andmultiplex-PCR on allsamples. Overall, the prevalence of microsporidiosis in immunocompromised patients were 4.3 and 3.9 percent in cases and control group, respectively.Incidence of microsporidiosis in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation (5 isolates from 70 samples) was 7.1%, in patients with respiratory complications (4 isolates from 150 samples) 2.7 percent and patients undergoing renal transplantation (2 isolates from 38 samples) 5.3 percent. In the case group, most cases of infection occurred among men at the age of40-60 years. In bronchoalveolar lavage samples 3 isolates of Encephalitozoon (2%) and one isolate of Entrocytozoon (0.7%), were identified, respectively. In cancer patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation 4 isolates of Encephalitozoon (5.7%), 1 isolate of Enterocytozoon (1.4%) and in patients with renal transplants 2 isolates of Enterocytozoon (5.3%)were detected. 4 isolates of Enterocytozoon (2.2%) and 3 isolates of Encephalitozoon (1.7%) were identified in the control group that most infections occurred among menat the age of30-45years. The most cases of human microsporidiosis are associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection or other states of immunosuppression, particularly in organ transplant recipients; The obtained results confirm this claim.