The pathophysiology and treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

The pathophysiology of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) has remained a challenging subject in ophthalmology. The aim of this study was evaluating the leading causes and treatment options of RRD. The study was performed by a review of 10 years (2004-2014) related literature emerged in PubMed on the pathophysiology and treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Retinal attachment is mainly due to two factors, RPE pump and inter photoreceptor matrix (IPM). The crucial factor in the formation of RRD is posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), started by liquefaction then syneresis and completed by gel contracture. If the PVD causes a symptomatic tear, RD ensues in up to 90% of eyes. PVD may not be detectable preoperatively and it must be detected during the operation by using triamcinolone acetonide (TA), indocyanin green (ICG) or Brilliant Blue (BBG). The main factor for developing RRD is PVD (traction). Essential treatments of RRD include traction neutralization (SB or pneumatic retinopexy) or elimination of traction using Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). The less used method is Pneumatic retinopexy