Survey on Informative Function of Topicalization and Passivization in Persian; A Functional perspective

To investigate the information status of preposed elements, informative function of topicalization and passivization and also the significant factors on informative function of these two Processes, , r · topicalized and passive constructions were collected form Makhmalbaf' s published stories. Analyzing the data, it was found that the frequency of preposed elements with information status of [+ new] is high. In the research, the effect of three kinds of information -focus structure on the above -mentioned processes has been specified: sentence -focus structure, predicate -focus structure and argument -focus structure. The frequency of them and their codification at syntactic level were affected by cognitive and mental situations of discoursal entities. In addition, it was concluded that informative function of topicalization and passivization depend on some factors: the speaker's assumed familiarity with hearer's mentalities and knowledge, the contextual situation (linguistic/ non -Iinguistic) such as definiteness and reference.