THE ANALYSIS OF CULTURAL, LINGUISTIC AND POLITICAL MOVEMENT OF CATALONIA (CATALANISM)

One of the most important issues in current Catalonia''s politics is the catalanism movement. Catalanism is a cultural، linguistic and then political movement that advocates for the cultural and political recognition of catalonia within spain. The present article aims to discover the establishing process of this movement. Research findings show that Catalonia''s movement، at the beginning، had a cultural and linguistic nature. In nineteenth century، 3 critical junctures (a period of significant change) including failure of the building of nation-state in Spain; economic differences between the two territories (Catalonia and Spain) and Catalonia''s military occupation by Spain occurred and have formed the Catalonia''s cultural and linguistic movement. These 3 pre-conditions interacted with 3 other critical junctures in twentieth century naming passing a new law to judge civil cases under the military rule، putting an end to the second republic in Spain (1931-1939) by Franco، and finally the transition from dictatorship to democracy، and laid the foundations of political nationalism. In the second and third parts of this essay، to better understand the Catalanism movement، catalonia''s cultural and linguistic structure and the European Union''s position towards catalonia''s independence will be discussed.