Valuation of Vitamin D Level at the End of First Trimester and Its Relation with Anemia, Bacterial Vaginosis, and Toothache in Pregnant Mothers

Pregnancy is associated with significant changes in calcium metabolism. During pregnancy, calcium absorption increases through the digestive tube and with high concentration of vitamin D. During pregnancy, vitamin D increases HPL-HCG, estrogen and progesterone in a ripe placenta, and its deficiency during pregnancy increases preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, toothache, anemia and bacterial vaginosis in mother, and may cause postpartum seizures, PTL, SGA, IUGR, osteomalacia, infantile rickets, and craniotabes in newborn infants.

This cross-sectional study with a developmental plan has been conducted in the first trimester of pregnancy (week 12) on the women referred to Shariati and Al-Zahra Teaching Hospitals, Isfahan, Iran in 2012-2013. The study was done in a range of one year and 280 individuals were selected after statistical calculation. Sample collection method has been convenient and for each sample Vit D (OH) 125 was requested during the first trimester of pregnancy. Samples were taken from the patients and following testing standards, tests were performed in laboratory. Vitamin D level was measured using E-lex's and Electrochemi-luminescence method (ECLIA), and information related to supplements received by the mothers, general situation of health, use of medicine during pregnancy, pre-pregnancy weight, first trimester weight, maternal age, place of living, receiving vitamin D, maternal hemoglobin level, bacterial vaginosis infection, and toothache in the first trimester were collected through questionnaire and analyzed in the survey. All data were stored in SPSS software and then analyzed using t-test and chi Square tests.

Vitamin D level in 280 pregnant women ranged from 1 to 80. Vitamin D deficiency was examined in four groups of severe deficiency (0-20), moderate deficiency (20-40), mild deficiency (40-60) and normal (higher than 60), and a significant relationship was observed between vitamin D level and associated factors.

In this study, anemia, bacterial vaginosis and toothache were more observed in the mothers with low levels of vitamin D.