Integrated Management Study (Chemical and Mechanical) of Swallow-wort (Cynanchum acutum) in Qazvin Province

Swallow wort is a perennial weed which has caused damage in agricultural fields in Iran especially in orchards. Therefore، an experiment was conducted during 2009-2011 in order to its integrated management in arachis orchard in Abyek based on randomized complete block design with three replications and 18 treatments. The treatments included gramaxon (Paraquat 20% SL)، roundup (Glyphosate 41% SL)، garlon (Triclopyr 62% EC)، cutting، and their combination together control without spraying. Among the treatments، application 3 times Glyphosate 6 L/ha was the best treatment for swallow wort density decrease in the first year، and in the second year best treatments were 2 and 3 times Triclopyr 2 L/ha، and 3 times Glyphosate 6 L/ha. The best treatments in the third year were 2 and 3 times Triclopyr 2 L/ha، and 3 times Glyphosate 6 L/ha. At the third year، the best treatment for swallow wort biomass decrease was 3 times Glyphosate 6 L/ha. However، it had not significant difference with 2 and 3 times Triclopyr 2 L/ha، 3 times Glyphosate 4 L/ha، and 2 times Glyphosate 6 L/ha. Therefore، Glyphosate and Triclopyr had more efficiency in the control of swallow wort، compared to Paraquat and cutting.