Minimization of Water-level Fluctuations Using the Fourier Series and Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

A novel idea based on the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is presented in this paper to minimize water-level fluctuations due to the sudden increase in downstream pumping discharge. The optimum input hydrograph which is capable of minimizing water surface fluctuations is obtained by using the Fourier Series and the PSO algorithm to determine the unknown coefficients in the Fourier Series. This idea can convert the problem to an optimization one, which can be solved via various optimization methods. To achieve this, a robust shock-capturing model which is able to solve governing equations of the unsteady, non-uniform flow is effectively combined with an optimization method based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm. The results show that the proposed approach is efficient in solving problems of this type. The inflow hydrograph obtained by this technique reduced water-level fluctuations in a much simpler manner compared to the complicated analytical approaches. Also, the proposed method was capable of reducing the fluctuations by 43.6% and 4.4%, respectively, compared to the case of imposing no control or that of control obtained by the variational approach.