Risk Reduction of Earthquake with Emphasis on Social Factors of Resilience (Case Study: District 22 of Tehran)

Natural hazards because of the severity and impact on communities in short time، have become one of the main concerns of planners and city managers in recent years، and we should notice that the earthquake is the most probable and destroyer hazard in our country. At the time of the earthquake، the first minutes and hours after the fact is extremely important، therefore strengthening the communities have a greater role in reducing risks، and this is accomplished only through education، preparation and adoption of the disaster، which should be achieved on behalf of the citizens. Resilience as a good way to reduce risks resulting from hazards and disasters، is selected as the research approach. Having introduced the resilience and identification of its dimensions، and social factors of approach، some strategies are provided for reducing earthquake risks with an emphasis on social factors resiliency in District 22 of Tehran in this paper. Therefore، after the choice of social indicators which affects on resiliency of District 22، with census data of 1390، interviews conducted officials and questionnaires distributed among 96 residents to check the status of the index in this area are discussed. According to data analysis through SPSS software and content analysis of the interviews that conducted، the results of this study demonstrated adequate situation of indicators such as age، education level، attachment to place in the region and also it represents that there are plans for improvement of public participation and dissemination of hazards information، understanding and knowledge of risk، although indicators such as residents'' attitude to risk and situation of specific groups needs more attention. Based on the current situation، some strategies are provided in order to strengthen the resiliency of District22.