Screening for Vesico ureteral Reflux and Renal Scar in Patients Presented with Urinary Tract Infection

The aim of the study was to find out the different grades of VUR and renal scar in children presented with single or recurrent episodes of UTI. Thirty six children from one month to 16 year with single or recurrent episodes of UTI were enrolled in this prospective cross sectional study which was done from July 2012 to June 2013. Grading of vesico-ureteric reflux, renal cortical scar and their co-relation outcome variables. Out of 36 patients, 33 (91.6%) were male and 3 (8.4%) were female. All the patients were divided into three groups based on their age (<12 month, 12-60 month and. 60 month).VUR were detected in 37(51.39%) renal units among all the group of patients evaluated for UTI. Mild reflux (grade I and II) was found in 2 (2.78%), Moderate in 9 (12.5%) and severe in 26 (36.11%) cases. Out of 72 kidney units, 37 kidney units had different grades of cortical scar. Grade I & II renal scar was found in 12 (33.33%) patients in right kidney and 14 (38.88%) in left kidney. Higher grades of scar (grade III & IV) were found in right kidney and left kidney, 5 (13.88%) and 6 (16.66%) respectively. Positive co-relation was observed between grades of reflux and grades of renal scars (for right kidney r= -0.484, p<0.01; left kidney r= -0.424, p<0.01). Higher grades of renal scar were directly related in children with male sex, younger age and having higher grades of VUR.