Cytogenetic and karyotipic variations in populations of sweet pepper (Capsicum annum L.)

In this study, karyological characteristics variation in 9 sweet pepper populations was investigated. α-Bromonaphthalene was used for pretreatment, Lewitsky solution for fixation, 1N NaOH for hydrolysis and finally, aceto ironhematoxylin for staining stage. Detailed karyotype features, i.e. total chromosome length (TL), intrachromosomal asymmetry (A1) and interchromosomal asymmetry (A2), total form percent (TF%), asymmetry index (AI) and formula karyotype showed the population was diploid. Stebbins classes symmetry showed that most of genotypes located in 2 group investigation of Asymmetry Index showed populations of ornamental shiraz and Varamin had the lowest symmetry and population of sweet Italy, Arak and USA had the highest symmetry karyotypes. Result of principal components analysis showed that more than 89.30% of total variation was justified by the first three factors. Cluster analysis based on cytogenetic data showed populations with asymmetry karyotypes make one group.