The Effects of Insoles and Footwears on Balance in Older People A Review of Literatures

Older people enconter a reduced balance performance as they have lower sensory and motor abilities. Balance problem pomote the risk of falling and subsequent disabling injuries and even death among older people. These problems can impose an extensive chargers on healthcare systems. Insole and footwear are an interface between plantar surface and the ground and can regulate the sensory inputs from the foot. In the light of the given background، the role of footwear and insole can be given more attention to prevent falling problem in older people. This study was to review the effects of different types of shoes and insoles and their roles on balance in older people. A systematic search was carried out within electronic data-bases. Key words included all different synonyms of aging، balance، shoe، insoles and their combinations. There are three possible ways in which can affect balance using shoe and insole: First، by increasing sensory feedbacks as (e. g. vibrating insoles or textured insoles). Second، by making changes in plantar pressure (e. g. Arch support insoles). Third، by applying changes in alignment of ankle joint (e. g. different heel height in shoe). The finding of this review implied that reduction of sensory inputs from the foot in older people can cause a higher risk of balance instability and falling. Based on the research evidnces، using appropriate footwear and insole can effectively control the risk of balance instability and its complications in elder people.