Study on Hydro-Alcoholic Extract Effect of Pomegranate Peel on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Formation

Introduction & Microorganisms form biomass as biofilm in response to many factors، in order to adapt to hostile extracellular environments and biocides. Using different herbal compounds are of those strategies to deal with biofilm. It has been proved that plants extracts such as pomegranate، raspberry and chamomile essential oils have anti-biofilm effects. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of black peel pomegranate ex-tract on Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation. In this experimental research the anti-biofilm effect، reducing the amount of biofilm formation and growth kinetics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in different treatments was measured by microtiter and plate colorimetric crystal violet method. Biofilm formation was also examined using a microscope. Statistical analysis of data obtained from the reading of the ELISA was performed using SPSS software، P value 0. 05. Findings of this study showed that bacteria cannot form any biofilm in first 6 hours of incubation، in all treatments. The amount of biofilm formation after 12 hours in 0. 01 and 0. 05 g/ mL treatments were medium. Among treatments، after 18 and 24 hours of incubation 0. 001 g/ mL concentration of pomegranate peel extract had medium and strong inhibitory effect on biofilm formation، respectively. Results of this study showed that biofilm formation and biofilm reduction percent-age is directly related to the duration of exposure of bacteria that could be due to the different phases of growth. Growth kinetics study also revealed that in the majority of treatments the growth was incremental up to about 15 hours and decrement afterwards due to the effective-ness of different treatments. After 18 hours، treatments have greatest influence on biofilm formation. The foregoing has been fully confirmed by the results of microscopic slides.