Political behaviors of Sonni and Imamiyah distinctive scholars with Abbasid's Caliph

Studding Islamic History shows the dual acts of Sonni and Imamiyah scholars with Islamic Caliphate. Because scholars have hegemony on basis of jurisprudence and Islamic Kalam they could take important role in formation of basis of legitimation of Islamic Caliphate’s power. And, they as a theorists of power served Caliphate, so that in Bani Omayah’s Caliphate some Sonni scholars had such a role and supported Omayyad. On the contrary some scholars were as a serious critic for Caliphate and deny these views and questioned Caliphs’ functions. This article tries to with utilizing from descriptive-analytic method answer this question that what was the dual behaviors of sect’s scholars with Abbasid’s’ Caliphate? This article tries to examine two hypotheses: first; scholars’ religious motives had important role in dual interaction with Caliphate. Second; the need of Caliphate for achieving to legitimation and stabilizing power had cause to dual behaviors of scholars with Caliphate. This examination showed that religious motives had influential role in dual relationship of scholars with Abbasids’ government. As much as Sonni, Mo’tazele and Shi’a scholars were close to center of power with aim of propagating ideal beliefs, keeping religious organization and reforming people’s beliefs, on the contrary refusal of other scholars from power also was because of fear from weakening of religious essentials, corruption of idea and distortion of religious beliefs. Furthermore, another reason for these dual behaviors was the need of Abbasids government for making legitimation. In time of first Abbasid’s Caliphs for their power and legitimacy they need to Mo’tazele and Shi’a’s scholars. After stabilizing the power for continuing the government’s life there wasn’t no need to Mo’tazele, and Shi’a were the serious competitors, so the government gravitated to Sonni and in this era interaction of Sonni scholars with Caliphate became increase.