Living Donor, Matching, Kidney Transplantation, Market Design, Kidney Exchange.

Although at first glance, the literature of game theory and microeconomics are considered more theoretical efforts, but recent efforts by some economists represents bridging between the theory and practice. This paper focuses on the literature of “Matching” and “Market Design” referred to case study of problems in kidney market, step by step, explains this bridging. The purpose of this paper is to describe framework, requirements and some practical obstacles in applicability of “Matching” and “Market Design’s” Studies. The paper shows that the gap between theory and application result in exacerbating problems, decreasing social welfare and ineffectiveness of some policies. Pointing the places of economic, management, mathematics and medicine researchers in the cultivation of this research program is a goal of this article.