Fines for the Delay in Repayment of Bank Loans:Haram or Halal?

It is an important issue in banking whether the fines for the delay in repayment of bank loans are halal or haram. Most of jurists consider it to be against sharia and a clear example of usury. Moreover, there are some hadiths in this respect. This fine is also an instance of jahiliriba(a type of usury during the era of ignorance) which Quran has forbidden. On the contrary, some jurists have tried to prove its permissibility through such
solutions as differentiating of usury from penalty, recompensing the losses of the debtee, hadith of those who are in debt deserve to be punished, the rule of the obligation to keep promises, government rulings, decrease in the value of the money. Having discussed the above mentioned solutions, the author has concluded that taking this fine has no shari justification; unless a long time has passed from the time of repayment and inflation has been remarkably high so that the society does not consider the money to have the same value as before.