An Analysis of: Life After Faith: The Case for Secular Humanism, by Philip Kitcher, Reported by Alvin Plantinga, Review and Criticism based on the Viewpoints of Allāme Tabātabā i

There are two different views about the role of religion in human culture and civilization. Some scholars believe in the constructive and positive role of the religion; whereas, some contemporary religion philosophers such as Kicher (in his book: Life after faith) takes a skeptical and secularist perspective and argues that due to the diverse religious teachings, their conflicts and their controversial reports about"sublime percept"they certainly bear false. Therefore, the universal values which will rule human civilization and culture are secular values. After a brief report of the book, Alvin Plantinga, a famous, punctilious Christian philosopher, somehow criticizes it and then tries to defend it that we consider him unsuccessful. Allāme Tabātabā’i as a contemporary Muslim thinker first defines the nature of religion and then divides religions into the right and the wrong. He takes the view that accepts diversity only among Abrahamic religions which he considers as the right religions and believes that the spirit of them all is submission to God. He asserts that the controversy among religions is due to their perfection, quantity, and quality and it does not root in their nature. He argues that as the past culture of man is beholden to religion his future will also be a religious one due to constant values of human. The present study, tries to exactly review Kicher’s book based on-Alvin Plantinga’ report and then aims to criticize his ideas from the perspective of Allāme Tabātabā’i, through descriptive and library research.