Allāme Tabātabā i's Mental Understandings According to Mutahhari

Human understanding and knowledge can be divided into two kinds, the truth and mental understandings. The truthful understanding is according to the objective existence which is the consequence of the encounter between the mind and the extra-mental world. While in the mental understandings there is no correspondence between the mind and an external object which is understood. When the knowledge by presence is appeared in the realm of the knowledge by-acquisition, the mentality would be meaning and human existence would be perfect. The theory of mental understanding proposed by Tabātabā’i as a contemporary philosopher, is depended on interactive Realism, as our understanding can be correct and improving in our encountering with the reality. This theory is also an answer to the issue of human encountering with the cultural multiplicity through which the essence of ethical and moral propositions. But in this case, the theory leads us to believing on the mentality of goodness and badness and also that the emotions influence on this mental understandings. This means that there is relativity in the social moral and legal propositions, however, Mutahhari tries to accept this theory while believing on the stability of moral and legal origins. Mutahhari says that the criterion of mental understandings is human active faculties by which he tries to go upward perfection. This is in this origin that there can be a relation between “Must”, “Incumbency” and “necessity”. This intention to mental understanding can also help us to recognize the cultural multiplicity, even if the positions of Mutahhari and Tabātabā’i are different in relation to this issue..