Evaluation of Some Morphological and Physiological Traits of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Lines and Cultivars

This research was conducted to study the relation of some of physiological and morphological traits to grain yield and yield components in 11 lines and 4 cultivars (Oroum (C-83-7), Zareh (C-83-8), Mihan (C-84-8) and Zarrin) of Triticum aestivum in a randomized completely black design with three replications at Research Station of Miyandoab during 2010-2011. The results of variance analysis indicated that there were among the lines and cultivars under study for plant height, the number of spikelet per spike, the number of grain per spike, the weight of grain per spike, weight of internode, spike length and the weight of spike at 1% probability level and for grain yield at 5% in probability. This shows that there was genetic variability among the genotypes for traits under study. The line of Zrn/shiroodi was found to be highest producer (9422 kg/ha). Results of back Ward regression method indicated that the number of spike per squared meter, the weight of other internodes and spikelet height accounted 15.5 of variations for grain yield. Results due to path analysis indicated that the grain yield was increased by increasing spike length (0.749) and the number of spike in squared meter (0.442). Cluster analysis using Ward method, based on the traits under study divided the genotypes into two groups. Thus it can be concluded that traits under study can be used in breeding programs to select promising and high yielding wheat genotypes.