The concept of justice in the Islamic Philosophy and right to the city from an Islamic perspective

In the Islamic thought, justice has been accounted for beyond equality as it has never believed that everyone should have an equal share, but everyone according to his/her ability, effort, and destiny can gain sustenance. Measures taken at governmental level of an Islamic state should always comply with fairness. It can suggest moderation and restraint, but it is actually considered an action of justice. This means that in all circumstances with any means it is possible that an action of justice is performed differently. Therefore, urban and state managers are required to enjoy high understanding abilities for appropriate and timely decision making. Judicial fairness in the distribution of urban functions are considered the most important issues currently raised concerning sustainability of developing societies. In this paper, it was attempted to explain the position of justice in the Islamic urbanity and philosophy relating to it, as well as providing a clear definition of the concept of justice in the Islamic thought and urbanity. For some thinkers, justice has no clear definition, and city developers have yet to provide a full and comprehensive assessment of spatial justice, because full spatial justice has not shown to be realized easily. However, justice itself involves conditions and considerations on spatial scale, which are mentioned in this paper. In the end, the topic the right to the city is studies and Islamic viewpoints on it are explained so that its different dimensions can be adapted to the conditions of Iranian-Islamic cities and their citizens by means of an analytic-descriptive method.