The role of the environmental constraints on physical-spatial development of city and their effects on the surrounding villages (Case study: Javanroud city)

Human and physical constraintsof physical-spatial development of cities precedes the rapid movement toward surrounding villages of urban areas that this issue is specifically observable in mountainous urban and rural areas of the west and western north parts of Iran. In this geographical region, Javanroud city in Kermanshah province is one of those which imposed great pressure on its surrounding areas, especially its connected villages. So, the purpose of present study is the survey of the type and amount of environmental constrainteffects of Javanroud city on its surrounding villages. This research is an applied research and Research methodology is descriptive-analytic. In this study, environmental constrainteffects of city have been investigated on the villages that are located at a distance of 5 km from the city. Statistical population is households in 6 villages surrounding the city and the number of 261 family heads as the sample size has been determined by Cochran formula. which in order to gather information, laboratory-documentary and field studies (observation, questionnaire, interview) are applied and after gathering necessary information, by presenting an overall and comprehensive picture about the changes and variations of rural lands’ applications, the analysis of present condition, comparison of these changes, growth ratings and rural development based on Topsis-Victor integrated model, final steps were followed. Research results show that Sheikh-alkaram village according to the calculated values (R = 0.009, S = 0.025 and Q = 0), because of the unsuitable road and inappropriate position has almost no effect. While Safiabad village (with R = 0.917, S = 1.837 and Q = 1) has the greatest influence and other surrounding villages in the study area are intermediate. Research findings show that part of population and workforce of Javanroud city, due to the reasons like short distance between city and villages, low price of lands and inhabitants in comparison to city, straightforward accessibility and possibility of using different urban services are inhabited in surrounding villages and this has lead to the change and variation in nearby villages to city, in such a way that they has lost their traditional applications and as parts of a city are playing role of dormitories for Javanroud city and are far from practical nature of villages.