Effect of Nitrogen-Nano Doped of Titanium Dioxide in Human A-375 Melanoma Cancer Cell Line

Backgrounds and Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a potent photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy (PDT) and is activated upon ultraviolet (UV) irradiation.The aim of this study was the assessment of the effect of nitrogen –nano doped of titanium dioxide in human A-375 melanoma cancer cell line.
N-TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by mechanical mixing of urea with TiO2 powder in a 4:1 weight ratio. A-375 cells were treated with different concentrations of N-TiO2 for various time intervals in the presence or absence of visible light. The growth and viability of A-375 cells were determined by means of trypan blue exclusion test and MTT assay, respectively. Acridine orange/Ethidium bromide double staining and DNA gel electrophoresis were applied to determine apoptosis.
The results showed that visible light activated N-TiO2 could induce growth inhibition in a dose (0.01-100 μg/ml ) and time dependent manner. In concentration of 0.5 μg/ml a significant difference was observed between the treated and the control samples.Decrease in viability was observed in 100 μg/ml concentration and the results of fluorescent microscopy showed DNA fragmentation due to apoptotic cell death[G1] at this concentration.
Based on the anti-cancer effects of N-TiO2 on A-375 cells, further evaluation of these nanoparticles as a new photosensitizer in photocatalytic therapy of skin cancer can be proposed.