Assosition of diabetes and hypertension with the incidence of chronic kidney disease: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common disorder that is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, kidney failure, and other complications. The ageing of populations along with the growing global prevalence of diabetes and hypertension has led to a corresponding worldwide increase in prevalence of CKD. We studied the risk of diabetes, hypertension and interaction of diabetes with hypertension on the incidence of CKD, stratified by gender.
This study is secondary study on the data of Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. A population of 7342 participants (46.8% male) with a mean age of 46.8 years for males was investigated. At first, they were divided into 4 groups. First group: patients without dabetes and without hypertension; the second group: dabetes and without hypertension; the third group: without diabetes and Hypertension; the forth group: with diabetes and Hypertension were. Then, each group was compared to the first group using multivariate Cox regression analysis adjusted for age, education, smoking, total cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL, Glomerular filtration rate and Body Mass Index, and trend score.
In men of the second group, diabetes (without hypertension) with HR of 1.94 (CI 95%:1.39-2.69) and in men of third group, hypertension (without diabetes) with HR of 1.58 (1.27-1.96) were risk factors for CKD events. As the same way, the results were in women 1.18 (0.93-1.51) and 1.24 (1.05-1.47). Diabetes and hypertension had not any significant interaction in men and women with the prevalence of chronic kidney disease.
The results of this study indicated that hypertension (regardless of the presence or absence of diabetes) is an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease in men and women.