Shaykhism of Karim Khan and Economic -Social Evolutions of Kerman During the Qajar Period

During the Qajar period, Shaykh Ahmad ibn Zayn al-Dín ibn Ibráhím al-Ahsá'í (d. 1241 AH / 1825 AD), using the epistemic resources of the four intellectual movements such as Sufism, philosophy, Akhbari, and Usuli, sought to establish unity and empathy in the principles of the Shiite school of thought;But this religious movement, expanded the Shia's internal differences. Shaykh Ahmad al-Ahsaʼi was excommunicated by some Shiite scholars. After the death of Sayyid Kazim Rashti,, one of his disciples, Hajj Mirza Mohammad Karim Khan Kermani (1810 - 1873), the son of the ruler of Kerman, Ibrahim Khan Zahir al-Dawlah (ruled 1218 1240 AH / 1803 1824), succeeded in creating the Shaykhi community of Kerman branch. A particularly controversial doctrine developed by Kermani is the doctrine of the al-Rukn al-Rābi. This emerging community soon gained its followers in Kerman and its surrounding areas, and it became effective in the local economic and social evolutions of Kerman by the end of the Qajar period.