Molecular study of high molecular weight glutenin subunits in tetraploid and hexaploid Iranian wheat landraces

In this study, to determine polymorphism of high molecular weight glutenin subunits in 8 tetraploid and 32 hexaploid landraces, released by Seed and Plant Improvement Institute in 2012-2013, were studied. Glutenin was extracted by sequential extraction procedure and electrophoresis was carried out using two-step one dimensional SDS-PAGE with 4.8-15 percent acrylamide gels. At Glu-1 locus, in hexaploid wheats, the null, 7 and 2 alleles had the highest frequencies of 0.73, 0.45 and 0.47, respectively, and the subunits of null and 14 were predominantly observed with 0.75 and 0.50 frequency, respectively in durum wheats. The hexaploid and tetraploid wheat landraces divided into 24 and 6 groups, respectively based on allelic compositions. The Glu-1 loci quality score ranged from 4-10 in hexaploid and 3-6 in tetraploid wheats. The results of this research can be used in breeding programs in order to improve the quality of wheat.