The effects of economic growth, energy consumption, trade openness and urbanization on environmental pollution In the MENA region during the period 1995- 2012

In the present study, Using the Co-integration analysis in panel data, short and long term relationship between carbon dioxide emissions, per capita income, energy consumption, trade openness index and urbanization In the MENA region during the period 1995- 2012 were assessed. The results showed N-shape relationship between income and emissions. The effect of energy consumption variable was significance at high level of statistical, So that by 10 percent increaseing per capita energy consumption is expected that per capita emissions Increased in the long-term and short-term respectively about 6 and 3 percent. trade openness index with little effect, increases the pollution. The effect of urbanization variable on per capita emissions was not statistically significant.