Electric Field Effect on the Hydrodynamic and Evaporation of a Dielectric Drop

The purpose of this research is the numerical study of the effect of a uniform electric field on the hydrodynamic and evaporation of a perfect dielectric drop. Converning equations are the incompressible flow equations including conservation of mass, momentum and energy. The level set method along with the ghost fluid method is used to model the interface. Numerical results show that electric stresses at the interface cause drop deformation and elongation in the direction of electric field. The amount of this deformation is increased by an increase in the ratio of electric force to surface tension force (electric capillary number). Droplet deformation is compared with the available analytical and numerical results and good agreement is observed. In the next step, electric field effect on the drop evaporation rate is considered. Electric field causes enhancement of drop evaporation. This enhancement is due to the drop deformation. Drop deformation increases evaporation by enhancement of contact surface between the drop and environmental fluid and also by creating large temperature gradients around the drop.