Micropropagation of birch (Betula litwinowii) from leaf callus

Birch (Betula sp) species is too important because of little regeneration in mountain cliff region, medicinal, industrial and ornamental function. Betula litwinowii is one of two tree species Birch in Iran that is endangered and grown in Sangdeh of Sari County. In this study, leaf explants after sterilized by applying different treatments (HgCl2 0.1%, Ethanol 70% and NaClO 25% in different times) in both MS and WPM medium with various concentrations of BAP and 2,4-D hormones, for calli produce and reproduction of B. litwinowiispeciesin Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources In vitro lab were cultured. Result showed that HgCl2 (0.1% for 7 min) was the best method for sterilization of explants. The WPM medium enriched BAP (1 mgl-1) and 2, 4-D (0.1 mgl-1) was found to be the best medium for callgenesis. The concentrations Zeatin (10 mgl-1) and AS (20 mgl-1) hormones Too were suitable for Stimulation organogenesis. Combination of BAP (0.5 mgl-1) and AS (20 mgl-1) hormones was selected the best treatment with 20% organogenesis. Finally, plantlets in WPM medium with (IBA and NAA 1 mgl-1) rooted. Micropropagation of Birch that improved in this research, in biotechnology research with aim of Birch genetics progression are usable.