An Overview of Oral Malodor (Halitosis)

Halitosis is an unpleasant odor of the mouth. The cause of halitosis is classified into intraoral and extroral. About 85% of halitosis have intraoral origin and mainly created because of degradation of amino acids into bad smelling gases by micro-organisms. Probably, the different strains of microorganisms are involved in this process and it is not associated with an especially microbial species. Among the intraoral causes, the tongue coatings and periodontal infections have a major role in causing malodor. Tonsils are the most common cause of extra-oral halitosis. In this review, epidemiology, classification, intraoral and extra-oral causes discussed. The last part of this review discusses the different diagnostic methods and treatment options.