Effect of betaine supplement on isoprenaline induced myocardial infarction and serum cathepsin G level in rat model

Myocardial infarction is one of the most common life threatening diseases in worldwide. Betaine is a safe and well tolerated compound that shows beneficial antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Previous studies demonstrated, betaine reduce cardiovascular diseases but molecular mechanism of action did not known completely. Cathepsin G play pivotal role in tissue injury and inflammation. Hence, we hypothesized betaine protective effects mediated by cathepsin G enzyme.
To examine this hypothesis, an animal model of 48 Albino rats weighing 200 ± 10 g was used. Light – dark cycle, temperature, humidity of cage were controlled. Rats divided into G1, G2, and G3 Groups and received betaine in dosage 50, 150 and 250 mg/kg via gavage respectively. Deionized water administrated for control group in same conditions. After 60 days treatment, isoproterenol (100 mg/kg) used for induction of myocardial infarction and then anesthesia and sampling performed. Serum level of cardiac troponin I and cathepsin G were measured via ELISA test. Serum homocysteine level measured by auto analyzer. Statistical analyses were done using SPSS 23.
Our results shows, homocysteine level in control, G1, G2, and G3 are 9.98 ± 3.27, 7.29 ± 1.79, 6.69 ± 2.55 and 2.88 ± 1.4 µmol/L respectively that reduced dose dependently. Betaine protect heart against isoproterenol induced myocardial infraction. Cardiac troponin level in control, G1, G2, and G3 are 285.59 ± 49.87, 159.4 ± 66.94, 199.15 ± 78.33 and 209.31 ± 86.66 respectively. Cathepsin G level did not changed significantly between groups.
These results demonstrated betaine have protective effects on isoprenaline-induced myocardial infraction but cathepsin G is not underlay molecular mechanism.