The study of the effective factors on the economic situation of the farmers in the Safavids era

One of the most important issues in the Safavids landholding system is the economic situation of the farmers that its different aspects were not perfectly studied. Hence, the question is: what were the most important effective factors on the economic situation of the farmers? To answer this question, the most effective factors on the farmers’ economic conditions were investigated: The kind of their ownership, their conditions in the “Contract of lease” system, the tax’s regime and the gratis services. The investigation of these factors shows that the farmers couldn’t be owner of the land, and their share was -in the “Contract of lease” system- less than the half of the product. This difficult situation and pressure of forced taxes, brought about the poverty of farmers by the end of Safavids era.