national resilience: Literature Review

With the increase of natural and human disasters and their wide-ranging consequences, the need for more resilient communities and governments is felt more and more. This has led to resilience as the greatest national challenge in the present day. The devastating consequences of recent international sanctions on Iran's economy reflect the low resilience of the national economy in dealing with foreign shocks. Hence, the Iranian government is facing more and more challenges to the political, economic and social crises, and will face them in the future. Among the topics of resilience, national resilience has been less researched. This paper aims to examine the theoretical foundations and literature of the existing research on national resilience. In this paper, firstly, glossary and genealogy of resilience have been studied, then researched on the resilience typology of individual, organizational, social and national levels as well as some indicators of national resilience measurements. Finally, there are gaps and weaknesses in the research literature.